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	Verb to conjugate:

  In Spanish, infinitives are very helpful when you are getting to know how to handle and manipulate verbs. All the verbs in Spanish are divided into three families according to the ending in the infinitive (-ar, -er, -ir).

The infinitive form is the one you will find in a dictionary, vocabulary list or in our Conjugator, so that even with an unfamiliar verb, you can work out its forms according to the family it belongs to.


Regular verbs in each family behave in the same way and share family characteristics. Every part of a verb in every tense is based on the infinitive.

In most tenses, the stem, root o basic part to which you add the tense endings can be found by removing the -ar, -er or -ir ending from the infinitive.

If you know the infinitive, you will know the verb!!!


There are, of course, irregular verbs, or verbs which are partially irregular, but even they follow many of the same patterns as regular verb families.


VERBS

1. First Conjugation: verbs ending in -ar: hablar (to speak).

2. Second Conjugation: verbs ending in -er: beber (to drink)

3. Third Conjugation: verbs ending in -ir: vivir (to live).

THE PRESENT TENSE

The patterns are easy to learn. In each case, the basic part of the word -the stem or root-consists of the infinitive but with the -ar, -er, -ir removed.
The various forms are then made by adding a special ending to that basic part. Each is distinct from the others in both spoken and written form.

• -ar: yo hablo/ I speak

• -er: yo como/ I eat

• -ir: yo vivo/ I live
  

... But, Spanish has a number of verbs in which spelling changes occur in some forms, but which are otherwise mostly regular:

• - E > IE: pensar (to think)

• - O > UE: poder (can) 

• - U > UE: jugar (to play)

• - E > IE: servir (to serve)

• - E > I: pedir (to ask for)
  

Consonants added in the stem:

• - C > ZC: conocer (to know)

• - N > NG: tener (to have).

• - L > LG: salir (to go out).

• - U > UY: construir (to build).

• - G- in the first person singular: hacer (to do/to make).

And other irregularities which you can see using the Conjugator:


THE PRETERITE TENSE:

You may come across some other names for this tense: Past Historic, Past Definite or Past Simple.
Most radical-changing verbs are regular in the preterite. Since the stress therefore never falls on the stem, there is no change in spelling except with -ir verbs (third person singular and plural forms only)

Change in stem vocale:

• - E > I: preferir (to prefer) (I prefered).

• - O > U: dormir (to sleep) (I slept)

• - E>I : pedir (to ask for) (I asked for)
  

This group of verbs has its own set of endings, added in each case to an irregular stem.

• andar (to walk)>anduve... (I walked...)

• estar (to be)> estuve... (I was...)

• hacer (to do/to make) >hice... (I did/I made)

• poder (can)> pude... (I could)

• poner (to put) puse... (I put)

• querer (to want/to love)> quise...(I wanted/I loved)

• saber (to know)> supe... (I knew)

• tener (to have)> tuve... (I had)

• venir (to come)> vine... (I came) 

• decir (to say)> dije... (I said)
  

THE FUTURE AND CONDITIONAL:

They have a special set of endings. With most verbs, these endings
are added to the whole of the infinitve

• -ar: hablaré/hablaría (I will speak/I would speak)

• -er: comeré/comería (I will eat/ I would eat)

• -ir: viviré/viviría (I will live/I would live)

Verbs which are irregular in the future and conditional are simply ones
which have an irregular stem, but all the stems end in -r.
The endings are the same as for regular verbs. Thus the irregularity is always in the stem, and never in the ending. Here is a list of the main irregular verbs:

• decir (to say): diré/ diría (future/conditional)

• hacer (to do/to make): haré/haría

• poder (can) podré/podría

• poner (to put): pondré/pondría

• tener (to have): tendré/tendría

• venir (to come): vendré/vendría

• salir (to go out): saldré/saldría

• saber (to know): sabré/sabría